清代成都官署的建设

Reconstruction of Chengdu's Government Offices in Qing Dynasty

在明末清初的战争中,成都官署受到严重破坏。作为国家政治统治象征,成都官署在城市重建中得到高度重视。清代成都官署的建设主要集中在前中期,清初直至康熙二年,迫于战争形势,成都官署或仓促修建或"徐图营造"。随着清政府在四川统治的稳定,成都各级官署在康熙二年左右开始全面建设。康熙乾隆年间,各官署多进行了重修或扩建。但由于清代行政体制中"家国一体"的弊端在体制上留下的诸多隐患,成都官署到清中后期大多简陋不堪。成都官署作为国家秩序在地方社会的体现,其在城市空间布局中的位置、建筑规制、布局无一不遵守着儒家的礼制秩序和规范。

During the wars from late Ming to early Qing dynasty,Chengdu＇s government offices had been severely damaged.The government offices as the symbol of national political domination were paid great attention in the reconstruction of the city.The construction of Chengdu administrative offices concentrated in the early and mid years of Qing Dynasty.From the beginning of Qing Dynasty to the Second Year of Kangxi Regime（1663） there were either haste reconstruction of Chengdu administrative offices or careful planning for future building because of the wars.With the stabilization of Qing Government＇s reign in Chengdu,the government offices of all levels began overall construction in 1663,and many offices were rebuilt or expanded in Kangxi and Qianlong Periods.But in the late Qing Dynasty most Chengdu government offices were out of order,and the malpractice of the administrative system of ＂the unity of home and country＂ in Qing Dynasty left a lot of hidden problems.As the representation of national order,the positions,layouts,scales,and internal arrangements all reflected the standards and modes of the Qing Ruling.