小儿肺炎患者痰培养病原菌分布与药敏结果分析

Study of the pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity in the sputum of 120 children with pneumonia

目的研究小儿肺炎的痰培养致病菌特点以及药敏试验结果。方法选择120例小儿肺炎患者在入院后即采集痰液标本进行痰培养及分离,并对分离出来的细菌做常规药敏测试和统计分析。结果 120例痰标本检出致病菌83株,总阳性率69.2%,其中革兰氏阴性细菌59株,革兰氏阳性细菌19株,真菌5株。主要致病菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌。其中大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,金黄色葡萄球菌为青霉素,铜绿假单胞菌为头孢曲松。结论小儿肺炎病原菌已经发生变迁,革兰氏阴性杆菌现已成为主要病原菌,而且大部分对三代头孢抗生素敏感。

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria and their drug sensitivity in the sptum culture of 120 children with pneumonia to guide reasonable clinical medicine application.Methods 120 cases of sputum bacterial culture and sensitivity test results from June 2009 to June 2010 were analyzed.Results 83 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 120 sputum samples and the positive rate was 69.2%.Among these,gram-positive bacteria,gram-negative cocci and Fungi were 59,19and 5 respectively.The former 5th predominant pathogenic bacteria leading to pneumonia were E.coli,Klebsiella sp,Acinetobacter baumannii,staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The highest rate of antibiotic resistance to E.coli,Klebsiella SP and Acinetobacter baumannii,staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is Ampicillin,Penicillin,Ceftriaxone respectively.Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria leading to the Pediatric pneumonia have changed.Gram-negative cocci become the major pathogenic bacteria and sensitive to most of the third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.