谈明朝治理藏传佛教的政策

The Tibetan Buddhism Policies of the Ming Dynasty

针对西藏的宗教政策,明一改元朝的帝师政策,取消僧人的种种特权;同时,为了加强对藏区的管理,不仅对藏传佛教首领进行优待和安抚,且实行多封众建的政策。由于明各个阶段的情况变化和皇帝个人喜好的不同,明中央各个时期对藏传佛教的政策又不尽相同,有一定的变化,这些政策总体上对藏区边疆的稳定和明王朝的统治有着一定的积极意义。

In the religious policy on Tibet, the Ming Dynasty abolishes the DiShi system of the Yuan Dynasty, and cancels the privileges of monks. At the same time, the Ming Dynasty not only gives special treatment to Tibetan buddhist leaders and placates them, but also gives the titlte of ＂GuoShi＂（State Master） to more Tibetan buddhist leaders in order to strengthen the management of Tibet. Due to the different stages of the Ming Dynasty and emperors＇ individual liking, the Mng government takes different policies of Tibetan Buddhism at different stages. These policies in general have some positive significance in stabilizing the Tibetan border and the rule of the Ming Dynasty.