预防门诊医务人员职业暴露的危害现状分析

Analysis of occupational exposure hazards of prevention clinic medical staff in centers for disease control

目的了解本市疾控中心预防门诊医务人员在工作中发生职业暴露的情况,探讨预防门诊职业暴露防控的主要措施。方法采用自行设计的统一问卷调查表,对南昌市四县五区预防门诊随机抽取165名医务人员进行职业暴露的问卷调查。结果 165名医务人员工作中有职业暴露人数160名,占96.97%,其中,暴露致伤126名,占78.75%。发生职业暴露后造成身体健康危害34名,感染率为21.25%。职业暴露致伤后76.19%进行了有效的局部紧急处理。结论预防门诊医务人员面临着严重的职业暴露危险。锐器伤是预防门诊医务人员职业暴露感染疾病主要途径。加强安全操作技能训练,严格按照医疗技术规范进行操作,加强工作责任心,改善工作条件;强化职业暴露知识的学习,提高认知能力;同时重视及调整预防门诊医务人员的心理素质才能保障医护人员身心健康。

Objective To understand the occupational exposure status of medical staff in centers for disease control of Nan- chang area, and discuss the main occupational exposure prevention measures. Methods A self-designed uniform question- naire was conducted, 165 med.ical personnel from five districts and four counties of Nanchang were randomly selected for the occupational exposure questionnaire. Results 96.97% （160/165） medical staff experienced occupational exposure, of which 126 were exposed to injuries that accounted for 78.75%. 34 people （21.25%） were exposed to health damage after occupational exposure. 76.19% medical staff took effective local emergency management after injury caused by occupational exposure. Conclusion Prevention clinic medical staff faces serious risk of occupational exposure. Injury by sharp stuff is the main way of infection. It is essential for the medical staff to enhance safety skills training in strict accordance with technical specifications for medical operations. Moreover, the sense of responsibility should be strengthened, and working conditions should be improved. At the same time, more attention should be focused on prevention and adjust the quality of mental health in order to protect the physical and mental health care.