对教学学术性与学生学术实践的追求——美国研究型大学培养拔尖创新人才的基本策略

Pursuit of Academic Teaching and Student Academic Practice——Basic Strategy of US Research Universities to Develop Top Creative Talents

美国高校培养拔尖创新人才成功的根本原因在于,对人才培养过程中学术性追求及其学术实践的强调,坚持教学与科研实践的高标准、严要求。它主要包括两方面:其一,重视教学的学术性,确立高成就感的教学目标,实施"核心课程"计划,确保教学为学生提供广博而精深的知识,强调严谨的教风与学风;其二,把科学研究和人才培养结合起来,强调学生参与学术实践。通过教学和科研,养成学生强烈的学术意识、学术精神和学术能力,从而培养出创新拔尖人才。

The success of U. S. colleges and universities to develop top creative talents is mainly because they place stress on the process of academic training to pursue their academic practice, and adhere to high standards and strict requirements of teaching and research. There are mainly two aspects ： First, the emphasis on the teaching of academic, establishing high achievement of teaching objectives, implementing ＂core curriculum＂ programs, can ensure that teaching provides students with broad and profound knowledge and can achievea rigorous style of teaching and study; Second, scientific research and talent training are combined, and students participation in academic practice is emphasized. Through teaching and research, students can develop a strong sence of academic awareness, academic spirit and academic ability to foster innovation and top talents.