当代大学生创业意向影响因素研究

The Research on Status of Contemporary College Students' Entrepreneurial Intention

为了深入了解当代大学生的创业意向及其影响因素,研究者以全国30所高校5000多名大学生为被试,对影响大学生创业意向的诸多因素进行了分析。研究发现:当代大学生的创业意向在性别、奖学金获得次数、学生干部经历、出生地上均存在一定差异。大学生主客观条件中的性别、学校性质、创业兴趣、创意能力改善对创业意向有显著影响。创业教育和创业环境认知的引入对于预测大学生的创业意向均有增量效度,能够在个体的主客观条件以外解释个体创业意向的变异。在大学生认知中,影响创业成功的因素主要由客观背景资源、主观能力经验和外部宏观环境3个因子组成,其中主观能力经验的作用排在首位。

This study is based on the Graduate Employment Survey,and made a further study on the entrepreneurial intention of college students.With 30 colleges about more than 5,000 students being tested,adopting the Hierarchical Regression Analysis,we studied the determinants of contemporary students＇ entrepreneurial intention.This study found that college students of different gender,scholarship,cadre,region have differences on entrepreneurial intention.The sex,school,interests,ability improvement of self subjective and objective conditions have obvious influence on college students＇ entrepreneurship intention.With entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial environment cognition being introduced to predict college students＇ entrepreneurial intention have incremental validity,it can explain more variation of entrepreneurial intention without self subjective and objective conditions.In the cognition of college students,determinants of entrepreneurial success can be divided to three dimensions：objective background,subjective ability,external environment.And college students place the subjective ability on the first.