无线传感器网络中分布式多跳路由算法研究

A Distributed Multi-Hop Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

在对无线传感器网络路由算法深入研究的基础上,设计出了一种完全分布式的、能量有效的无线传感器网络多跳路由算法,主要内容包括:(1)在成簇方面,给出了一种基于时间延迟机制的无线传感器网络成簇算法CHTD,解决了相同能量节点在产生簇头时的碰撞问题。并通过仿真验证了CHTD成簇算法比LEACH和目前已有的基于定时器的成簇算法TB-LEACH对网络性能有明显改善;(2)在簇头数据传输方面,给出CHTD-M簇间多跳路由算法。该算法将网络中均匀分布的簇头构造成一棵路由树,通过多跳传输的方式减少直接与基站通信的簇头节点数量。最后对整体算法进行仿真,实验结果表明,CHTD-M把节约网络能量和保持网络负载平衡很好的结合起来,显著地延长了网络的生命周期。

A A Distributed Multi-hop Routing Protocol is proposed for wireless sensor network （WSN）. The main contents considered arc as follows： （ 1 ） A clustering hierarchy arithmetic based on time delay （CHTD） was presented. By simulation it has been verified that the CHTD clustering algorithm has more obviously improvement on the network performance,comparing it with the algorithm for LEACH and the clustering algorithm for TB-LEACH based on the utilized timer. （2）A multi-hop routing mechanism is presented,called CHTD-M,which can be used in a large scale. In the algorithm,it makes the equal distributed cluster-heads of the network to construct a routing tree, and through the multi-hop transmission way, it reduces the number of cluster head nodes to connect directly with the base station in communication. And the algorithm further reduces the network consuming energy and cost. Simulation results demonstrate that CHTD-M combines energy conservation with maintainance network load balance well and obviously improves the network lifetime.