用深孔爆破成井次品矿充填技术治理采空区

Mined-out Area Treatment with the Deep-hole Blasting Shaft-forming Method and Filling Technique with Poor Ore

针对三道庄露天矿大型高危复合空区的特点,结合国内目前"崩、充、撑、封"等处理采空区的方法,论述了深孔爆破成井次品矿充填处理采空区技术;根据设备现状设计了深孔爆破成井方案,重点研究了参数选择方法、装药结构和爆破网络;提出了充填井等边三角形的布置原则,建立了充填效果评估几何模型,推导出井壁间距与采空区高度、充填井半径之间的函数关系,为评估空区填充效果以及优化大空区多井布置方案奠定了基础;进行了深孔成井处理采空区的现场试验,试验结果证明了该方案是合理的、经济的。该技术的研究与应用不仅提高了生产的安全性,解决了规模化开采和空区处理的矛盾,也有利于二级矿量管理,实现资源综合利用,达到均衡配矿的目的。

According to the characteristic of large danger goafs in Sandaozhuang open-pit mine, combined the domestic basic methods of mined-out area treatment that are blasting, filling, supporting, closing, mined-out area treatment technique of deep-hole blasting shaft-forming and filling poor mine was discussed, which relates blasting, filling, supporting. According to the existing equipments, design the plan of deep-hole blasting shaft-forming, parameters selection, charge structure and blasting network was studied. Advances the layout principle of equilateral triangle of filling shafts, the geometric model of evaluating filling effect was established, the function relationship among the distance of adjacent walls of filling shafts, height of mined area and filling shaft radius, which is the basement of evaluating filling effect and the multi-shaft design optimization in large mined-out area, was deduces. The mined-out area treatment with the deep-hole blasting shaft- forming is field tested. The experiment result testifies this plan is reasonable and economic. Research and application of the deep-hole blasting shaft-forming method and filling technique improve production safety, the contradiction of large-scale mining and mined-out area treatment is solved. It is useful for two level mineral management. Resources comprehensive utilization is achieved, and the purpose of reconciling ore is executed.