王家湾金矿藓类植物多样性与重金属污染关系

Relationship of Mosses Plant Diversity and Heavy Metal Pollution in Wangjiawan Gold Deposit

对王家湾金矿不同生态环境(未开采区、部分开采区、废渣区和废石区)藓类植物初步调查,发现该矿藓类共7科18属28种。4种生态环境中藓类植物种数分别为17种、11种、6种和4种,呈现按未开采区→部分开采区→废渣区→废石区明显递减的趋势。对4种生态环境的藓类及对应基质的重金属(As、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd)元素含量进行测定,其中As、Hg、Cu和Cd等4种重金属元素含量都呈现按未开采区→部分开采区→废渣区→废石区明显递增的趋势。因此,藓类物种多样性可以作为矿区As、Hg、Cu和Cd这4种重金属污染的生态监测指标之一。

Mosses of different habitats（ virgin area, part of mining area, waste solid area, and waste rock area） were investigated in Wangjiawan Gold Deposit. Based on the identification of the mosses species, 28 species in 18 genera of 7 families were found. The number of mosses species in each habitat were 17 species, 11 species, 6 species and 4 species, which show that the number of part of mining area is bigger than virgin area, and smaller than waste solid area, the number of waste rock area is smaller than waste solid area. Contents of heavy metals （ As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd ） in mosses and their substrates were determined. Among them, contents of As, Hg, Cu and Cd in part of mining area is larger than virgin area, and smaller than waste solid area, and the contents of heavy metals in waste solid area is smaller than waste rock area. Consequently, species diversity of mosses could be as one of the indexes in ecological monitoring for heavy metal pol- lution（ As, Hg, Cu and Cd ） of mining area.