日本人伦理思想中的“正直”观

On the View of "Uprightness" in the Japanese Ethical Thought

日本儒学思想虽自中国引进,但在其发展过程中却表现出强烈的日本特色,具有明显的非合理主义倾向;其思维和性格则表现出强烈的现世主义特色。日本伦理思想肯定人的自然欲望与感情,不压抑感情的自然流露,主张任何时候都要率真。因此,自中世纪以来,"正直"伦理思想受到日本人的重视,成为日本社会伦理道德思想的基础。"正直"一词,在中国强调的是"公正、正气",而在日本强调的是"实事求是,表里如一"。"正直"伦理思想体现在日本人生活道德的各个方面,例如,在性爱观方面,对一切发自内心坦率的"爱情"给予肯定;在饮酒观方面,认为醉酒表达人真实的内心世界,故而不加克制,饮酒必醉,醉多失态。可以说"正直"是日本伦理思想的重要概念之一。

The Japanese paid much attention to the view of ＂uprightness＂ which has become the basis of Japanese society since the middle ancient period. Chinese regard the view of ＂uprightness＂ as ＂fair and upright＂ while the Japanese regard it as ＂seeking truth from facts＂. It is reflected in all aspects of Japanese life, for examples, the Japanese affirm all heartfelt and candid ＂love＂, and they also think getting drunk reflects people＇s real feeling which should not be forbidden. There- fore, it can be said that the ＂uprightness＂ is one of the important concepts of the Japanese Ethics.