论庄子的审美精神

The Aesthetic Spirits of Chuang-tzu

庄子的审美精神主要由诗意思维、神话意识和寓言方法等要素构成。庄子是一个诗性主体,他以诗意思维创造感性的审美意象和神话意象。以"道"的神话为基石,联袂形成"自然与自由的神话"和"平等民主的神话",确立"敬畏生命的神话"和塑造"真人神话",建构"至德之世的神话"和超越生死的逻辑的"至乐神话"、"唯美主义神话"、"历史主义的神话"等审美结构。《庄子》的神话包含着丰富深邃的思想内容和审美价值,它使哲理和美感达到高度和谐的统一。和神话意识密切关联,庄子以寓言方法蕴含空灵的哲学智慧,赋予寓言以想象力和美感,以故事和情境达到思之启迪和美之生成。

The Aesthetic Spirits of Chuang-tzu consists of poetic thinking, mythic consciousness and fabled methods. As a poet, Chuang-tzu creates perceptual aesthetic images and mythic images by poetic thinking. Based on the myth ＂Dao＂, he created both ＂myth of nature and freedom＂ and ＂myth of equality and democracy＂, established ＂the myth of the awe of life＂ and ＂the myth of holy man＂, and constructed ＂＇myth of moral society＂. He also constructed ＂the myth of ecstasy＂, ＂myth of Aestheticism＂ and ＂the myth of Historicism＂ which transcend the logic of life and death. Myths in Chuang-tzu contain abundant deep thought and aesthetic values. They unify philosophy and aesthetic feelings to an extent of high harmony. Related to mythic consciousness, the book Chuang-tzu contains ethereal philosophical wisdom by telling fables. It gives fables imaginations and aesthetic feelings, and achieves an enlightenment of thinking and aesthetic forms by stories and scenes.