杨度宪政主张的正途与歧变

The Right Path and Misguided Transformation of Yangdu's Constitutional Ideas

杨度一生以救国为己任。在救国的名义下,他曾肯定"骚动"的进步意义,表露出某种激进色彩。然而他并不赞成共和革命,而是主张通过君主立宪,为实现所谓"金铁主义"即打造经济军事强国提供制度保障。辛亥革命之前,这种不乏爱国真诚的宪政主张大体属于正途。辛亥革命之后,鉴于时局变动,他一度拥赞共和。但因固守其原有立场,且受多种因素影响,他很快站到共和对立面,并以"君宪救国"为由,拥袁助袁,鼓吹帝制,从而导致其宪政主张与帝制主张趋同的歧变。

In all his life, Yangdu regarded national salvation as his own obligation, and in the name of national salvation, he once affirmed the significant progress in disturbance, and thus showed some radical tendency. But he was not in favor of republican revolution, which he sought was to create an economic and military power through constitutional monarchy, which he called it ＂golden-ironism＂. Frankly speaking, these genuine and patriotic constitutional ideas were mostly the right path before 1911 Revolution. After that period, he once supported and acclaimed the republic system, but soon came to its oppostion, advocated monarchy, supported and helped Shikai Yuan owing to his inherent position and the influences of other factors, which led to the misguided transformation of becoming the same between his constitutional ideas and monarch ideas.