摘要
同龄效应指个体对自己年龄段面孔的记忆成绩显著高于其他年龄面孔。实验采用3×3混合设计,考察不同年龄被试对面孔再认及学习程度判断中的同龄效应,探讨同龄效应的发展规律。结果显示,青年和老年人对同龄面孔的再认显著好于异龄面孔,儿童对同龄与异龄面孔的再认成绩差异不显著;各组被试对不同年龄的面孔学习程度判断准确性之间的差异没有区别。这表明:青年和老年人在面孔再认中出现了同龄效应,儿童没有表现出同龄效应;个体学习程度判断中不存在同龄效应,且这种特点与年龄无关。
The own-age effect refers to a phenomenon that individuals show superior performance in identifying faces of their own age when compared with other-age faces. Based on 3 （age of participants） × 3 （ age of faces） mixed factors design, the experiment aims to explore the ability of individuals at different ages recognizing their own-age and other-age faces and influence of the own-age effect on judgments of learning. The results showed both young and older adults recognized own-age faces more accurately than other-age faces, however, this performance did not appear in children group; there was no significant difference among groups in the discrepancy of accuracy of judgments of learning for the own-age and other-age faces. These results indicated young and older adults but children showed the own-age effect when they recognize the faces of different ages. No own-age effect in the judgments of learning was found in the present experimental situation.
出处
《心理发展与教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第3期271-275,共5页
Psychological Development and Education
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(09YJAXLX021
11YJA190015)
第41批留学回国项目
天津市教育科学十二五重点规划项目(CE2016)
关键词
面孔再认
学习程度判断
同龄效应
儿童
青年
老年
face recognition
judgments of learning
own-age effect
children
young adults
older aduhs
