观赏南瓜及葫芦种质资源遗传多样性分子评价

Molecular Evaluation on Genetic Diversity of Ornamental Pumpkin and Gourd Germplasm

利用RAPD和ISSR标记对28份观赏南瓜及葫芦种质资源进行遗传多样性分子评价。结果表明:12个RAPD引物和13个ISSR引物分别扩增出89条和93条清晰谱带,平均每个引物分别扩增出6.1条和6.2条多态性谱带,多态性比率分别为82%和86%。RAPD和ISSR标记检测供试材料的遗传相似性系数(GS)范围分别为0.31～0.99和0.33～0.99,ISSR(平均GS值0.68)检测多态性效果高于RAPD(平均GS值0.73)。利用UPGMA法基于RAPD与ISSR混合聚类,将28份观赏南瓜及葫芦种质分为3类,类群的划分与果实形状明显相关:第Ⅰ类群包括15份种质,为扁圆形、卵圆形、圆球形或圆筒状的早熟或晚熟果实;第Ⅱ类群包括11份种质,为汤匙形、梨形、扁球形或皇冠形的早中熟果实;第Ⅲ类群包括2份种质,为葫芦形的晚熟果实。

Genetic relationships and diversities of 28 ornamental pumpkin and gourd accessions were assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） and inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR） molecular markers.The results showed that 89 and 93 amplification bands were obtained by 12 selected RAPD and 13 selected ISSR primers,respectively.The PPB（percentage of polymorphic bands） in ISSR detection（86%） was higher than that in RAPD（82%）.The similarity coefficient ranging from 0.33 to 0.99 and from 0.31 to 0.99 respectively,and the ISSR（mean value of GS was 0.68） was more efficient than RAPD（mean value of GS was 0.73）.Using cluster analysis（UPGMA） based on those polymorphism mixture bands amplified with RAPD and ISSR primers,the 28 accessions were classified into three groups obviously related with fruit skin color and shape.Group Ⅰ included 15 accessions,which fruit shapes were oblate,ovoid,spherical or cylinder,and which fruit developmental traits were early or late maturation.Group Ⅱincluded 11 accessions,which fruit shapes were soup spoon,pear,oblate spheroid or crown,and which fruit developmental traits were early or middle maturation.Group Ⅲ included 2 accessions with the fruit traits of gourd shape and late maturation.