贵州主要地方李品种的调查研究

Investigation of Major Local Plum Breeds in Guizhou

以贵州本地8个李资源的成熟叶片及果实为试验材料,从叶形特征、果实外部形态特征及果实内在品质性状等不同方面进行了调查研究。结果显示:①贵州地方李的叶形特征中以叶片形状的变异范围最大,有卵圆形、椭圆形、披针形、倒披针形等,其次为叶尖形状、叶基部形状和叶柄腺形状;②果实形态特征中以果皮和果肉颜色的变异范围最大,其次为果实成熟期、果实形状、梗洼及缝合线的深浅以及果顶形状;③贵州地方李的单果质量、果实横纵径及果形指数、核横纵径等性状的平均变异系数均在9%以上,其中单果重的变异幅度为18.3～38.9g,变异系数最大,达24.92%;④果实内在品质性状方面以可溶性固形物的变异系数最低,为8.50%,可溶性总糖的变异系数最高,为13.44%。

An experiment was conducted to investigate leaves,fruits and fruit internal traits of 8 local plum varieties from Guizhou province,China.The results showed that：①the shapes of leaves had the most widely range of variation,for example orbicular-ovate,ellipse shape,lanceolate and oblarcoelate.The shapes of leaf apex,leaf base and nectary had smaller range of variation than the shapes of leaves.②the color of flesh and pericarp had the most wide range of variation,followed by maturity,fruit shape,depth of suture line and blossomend shape.③the average coefficient of variation of simple fruit weight,transverse length,vertical length and shape index were over 9%.The range of variation for simple fruit weight was 18.3 g to 38.9 g with the coefficient of variation of 24.92%.④the variation coefficient fruit internal quality was 8.5%,which was the lowest among soluble solid contents and the coefficient of variation of total soluble sugar content was as high as 13.44%.