大鼠繁殖试验评价牛初乳对生殖发育的影响

Safety assessment of bovine colostrums on reproductive development by reproduction study

目的通过繁殖试验观察牛初乳对亲代大鼠生殖及F1代仔鼠发育状况的影响,评价牛初乳的生殖发育安全性。方法选用4周龄SD大鼠,牛初乳组在交配前期、宫内暴露期、哺乳期和仔鼠性成熟期(受孕前11周至仔鼠性成熟),用含10%牛初乳的饲料喂饲亲代和子代大鼠,对照组饲喂普通饲料,检测亲代体重、摄食量、动情周期、繁殖力指数、怀孕指数、孕周、每窝活产数、激素水平、生殖器官及精子质量;子代出生体重及身长、性别比、4日生存率、阴道开口时间、包皮分离时间等。采用两独立样本t检验的统计方法对均数进行比较,使用SPSS 13.0统计分析软件处理数据。结果与对照组相比,牛初乳对亲代的动情周期、繁殖力指数、怀孕指数、孕周、每窝活产数、子代性别比、出生身长、4日生存率均无显著影响,但亲代雄鼠左侧储精囊脏体比降低,精子总数提高(P<0.05),且牛初乳组亲代雌、雄大鼠血液中的促黄体生成素(LH)显著降低(P<0.05),雌鼠血液中催乳素(PRL)和孕酮(P)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论一代繁殖试验未发现牛初乳对生殖发育能力有显著影响,仅见亲代储精囊、精子总数和激素水平改变,其长远影响需二代繁殖试验进一步验证。

Objective To assess bovine colostrums （BC） safety by reproduction study by observe the influence of BC on reproductive development. Methods Forty four-week-old Spraque-Dawley rats （20 male and 20 female） were randomly divided into BC group and control group according to their body mass and were fed with the diet with 10% BC and normal diet, respectively. These indexes of parental generation were examined, such as body weight, daily food intakes, estrous cycle, fertility index, pregnant index, gestation length, number of pups, blood hormone level, reproduction organ and sperm parameters. Sex ratio, anogenital distance, vaginal opening （ VO）, preputial separation （PPS） were also reported. Results The weight of left seminal vesicle was slightly lower in bovine colostrums group than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, while BC significantly increased the total number of sperms （ P 〈 0.05 ）. BC diet vs control diet significantly decreased the level of luteinizing hormone （LH）, prolactin （PRL） and progesterone （P） in female rats of the P generation （P 〈 0, 05）. And the level of LH in male rats of the P generation was Lower than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant differences on the other indices such as estrous cycle, mating index, fertility index, pregnant index, gestation length, Number of pups, sex ratio, anogenital distance, vaginal opening （ YO ） , preputial separation （PPS） between Bovine colostrums group and control group. Conclusion Bovine colostrums did not show significant influence on the reproductive development ability in the one-generation reproduction study. But there are changes in seminal vesicle, the total number of sperms and the level of hormones of parental rats. Further study is required to determine whether Bovine colostrums have adverse effects on reproductive health for F2-generation.