负水头供给营养液对不同番茄品种生长特性的影响

Study on Growth,Physiology and Yield of Different Tomato Varieties with Supplying Nutrient Solution by Negative Pressure Irrigation

通过负水头灌溉技术对"飞天"、‘420’、"哈特"、"拉比"、"莎丽"、"金鹏"6个番茄品种供给营养液,筛选营养液灌溉下产量高、营养液生产效率高、抗病且植株健壮的番茄品种,以达到提高番茄产量、节水、节约成本的目的。结果表明:植株形态上,"莎丽"长势最好,"哈特"、‘420’品种植株弱小;"莎丽"、"金鹏"的净光合速率较高,"金鹏"、‘420’的蒸腾速率较高;"莎丽"的相对叶绿素含量最高,"哈特"的相对叶绿素含量最低;产量上,"莎丽"的果实产量最高,"哈特"最低;营养液生产效率上,"飞天"、"拉比"、"莎丽"、"金鹏"4个品种效果相当,‘420’、"哈特"营养液生产效率较低。综合以上因素,"莎丽"番茄应用负水头灌溉技术可获得最好的效果。

To further improve the application of the negative pressure irrigation device on tomato production so as to increase the yield of tomato and raise productive efficiency of nutrient solution,the negative pressure irrigation technique were employed with supplying optimized nutrient solution to the 6 cultivars,to be specific＇Feitian＇,‘420’,＇Hart＇,＇Rabbi＇,＇Sally＇,and ＇Jinpeng＇,and selected the cultivar with strong,resistant to disease,high productive,and high productive efficiency of nutrient solution.The results showed that under the nutrient solution from negative pressure irrigation,＇Sally＇ grew the best;＇Hart＇ and ‘420’ was weak.In terms of physical signs,＇Sally＇,and ＇Jinpeng＇ showed high net photosynthetic rate.While transpiration rate of ＇Jinpeng＇ and ‘420’ was relatively high.the SPAD value of ＇Sally＇ was highest while the SPAD value of ‘＇Hart＇ was the lowest.Fruit yield of ＇Sally＇ was the highest;＇Rabbi＇,＇Jinpeng＇ and ＇Feitian＇ follow;‘420’ were the low and ‘＇Hart＇ was the lowest.On the aspect of the production efficiency of nutrient solution,＇Rabbi＇,＇Sally＇,＇Feitian＇ and ＇Jinpeng＇ had the same effect;‘420’ and ‘＇Hart＇ showed lower effect.Considered all of the elements mentioned above,＇Sally＇ had the best achievement when applying this kind of irrigation.