一套模拟渗漏型天然气水合物形成与分解的实验系统

An experiment set simulating the formation amd decomposition of hydrate in marine leakage system

目前用于研究海底渗漏型天然气水合物(以下简称水合物)形成与分解动力学特征的实验装置和实验系统非常少,且普遍不具备大的反应空间和适合海底的高压环境,更不能提供与反应空间匹配的气体流通量范围。为此,设计了一套模拟渗漏体系里气体移动并在可视化分段、分相环境下形成水合物的综合实验系统,整套实验装置由5个部分组成:①反应系统,主要是可视化大容积高压透明反应釜;②与反应釜连接、并为反应釜提供所需压力的供气系统;③为反应釜提供所需温度和湿度的温控系统;④与反应釜连接并为其提供真空环境和保证气体顺利循环的动力系统;⑤与反应釜连接,实时采集温度、压力、电阻率、压差和流量数据并记录处理数据,观测试验进行的数据采集系统。实验结果表明,该实验系统能获得准确可靠的各种数据(气体流量、压差和电阻率等),可以模拟不同流通量和压差下水合物形成与分解的过程,为实际海底类似条件的水合物研究提供实验数据和理论参考。

The marine leakage hydrate zone is regarded as the most exploitable reservoir under the sea.However,for lack of perfectly good experiment devices or sets and big enough experimental space,the formation and decomposition kinetics of gas hydrate and interaction with the surrounding strata in such high-pressure environment have not been adequately studied.In view of this,an integrated experiment set is designed to simulate how the migrating pore fluid and sedimentary geology influence the process such as the generation,accumulation and preservation of gas hydrate in the marine leakage system.The whole set consists of five parts:(1) the reacting system,i.e.,a large volume of high pressure and transparent reactor which has a visible window;(2) the gas supply system attached to the reactor,which is responsible for supplying the pressure for the reactor;(3) the temperature control system which help adjust the temperature and humidity in the reactor;(4) the power system also attached to the reactor,which provides the reactor a vacuum environment and ensures the smooth cycling of gas in the reactor;and(5) the data gathering system which can not only achieve real-time collection of data including temperature,pressure,resistivity,pressure drop and flow rate,but keep record and deal with those data.With this experiment set,all kinds of reliable and accurate data can be achieved.The whole process of the formation and decomposition of gas hydrate under different flows and different pressure drops can be simulated,which provides test data and theoretical reference for the studies of gas hydrate in similar sea environment.