母亲劳动供给行为与中国农村儿童健康

The Effect of Maternal Labor Force Participation on Child Health in Rural China

本文使用"中国家庭营养与健康调查"(CHNS)数据,测度了母亲劳动供给行为对于中国农村儿童健康的影响,重点研究了全职和兼职母亲在儿童不同的年龄阶段进入劳动力市场对于儿童健康的影响。研究结果显示:母亲进入劳动力市场并不必然导致母亲照料儿童时间的减少,从事兼职工作的母亲由于工作的灵活性对于儿童的照料甚至比不参加工作的母亲更为充分;此外,在母亲劳动收入增加的正效应的作用下,母亲从事全职、兼职工作对于儿童健康有正的影响,但兼职工作的影响并不显著。在控制住儿童健康对于母亲劳动供给的反作用之后发现,母亲在儿童0～2岁阶段进入劳动力市场会对儿童健康产生负面影响,但影响在统计上并不显著。

This article uses the ＂Chinese Family,Nutrition and Health Survey＂（CHNS） data,measure the effect of maternal labor force participation on child health in rural China,focusing on calculate the effect of full-time labor participation,part-time labor participation,and at different age stages of participation.The results show that： maternal labor force participation does not necessarily result in reduced time of mother care,mothers who at part-time working have more flexibility time even take care of their children more fully.On the other hand,maternal labor force participation can increase the income of family,so have positive effect on child health,but the effect of part-time work is not significant.Control the reaction of child health on mother labor supply,mothers enter the labor market at children’s 0～2 years old have negative effect on child health,and the degree of impact between 0.490-0.638.