中国区域物流产业效率——基于三阶段DEA模型的Malmquist-luenberger指数方法

The Efficiency of Regional Logistics Industry in China——Based on the Three-stage DEA Model Using Malmquist-luenberger Index

利用Malmquist-luenberger(ML)生产率指数方法测算了包含非期望产出在内的1997～2009年我国30个省级地区的物流产业效率,并借助三阶段DEA模型分析物流外部营运环境条件对我国物流产业效率变化的影响。结论显示:(1)我国物流业的ML生产率指数年均增长-0.45%,而传统的Malmquist生产率指数为1.02%,忽视非期望产出使得物流业全要素生产率估计过高,物流业普遍存在技术不环保。(2)剔除外部环境因素和随机影响因素后,物流业的技术进步率出现较大幅度的下降,技术效率则出现一定程度的上升,物流产业效率受到外部环境因素的影响显著。(3)我国物流业大多数地区的外部营运环境水平较低,优化外部环境,有助于物流产业效率的提升。

This paper employs the Malmquist-luenberger（ML） productivity index to evaluate the efficiency of regional logistics industry in 30 provinces of China,incorporating undesirable outputs,during the period from 1997 to 2009.Based on the three-stage DEA model,the paper also explores the external operating environment and its impact on improvements in ML productivity.The results show that：（1）The annual ML productivity growth is-0.45%,whereas the value of the traditional Malmquist productivity growth is 1.02%,meaning that the total factor productivity of logistic industry in China is overestimated if undesirable outputs are ignored.Logistics industry is universal absence of technology environmental protection.（2）As the impacts of exogenous environmental variables and random shocks are filtered out,the technological progress of logistic industry has decreased greatly,whereas,the technical efficiency has increased a certain degree.（3）China’s logistics industry in most areas is as low level as of the external operating environment.The optimization of external operating environments would help to improve ML productivity growth of logistics industry in China.