基于XRF技术的大气重金属在线分析仪的研制

Development of an atmospheric heavy metal analyzer based on X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

针对大气中铅、铬、镉等重金属在线监测的应用需求,研制了基于X射线荧光分析技术的大气重金属在线分析仪。该仪器具有可同时监测20多种元素、检出限低、无损快速、使用方便和维护成本低等优点。详细描述了仪器的总体设计及主要结构,展现了仪器性能特点;对仪器进行性能测试,结果显示该分析仪性能稳定,达到国际同类仪器水平。该分析仪监测大气中铅元素浓度结果与ICP-MS(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry)分析仪结果对比相对误差在4%以内。将该分析仪应用于杭州某大气监测站,连续监测大气重金属变化情况,实验结果表明该分析仪可靠性高、具有较强的现场应用能力,满足现场应用需求。

An on-line analyzer based on X-ray fluorescence technology was developed for the analysis of atmospheric heavy metals including Pb,Cr and Cd.The analyzer has many advantages,such as simultaneous measurement of twenty metals,low detection limit,non-damage measurement,fast time response and low maintenance cost.The features and configuration of the analyzer are described in detail.Tests reveal that the analyzer performs well and its performance reaches the level of similar international advanced analyzer.Compared with that for the ICP-MS（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry） analyzer,the relative errors of the test results are less than 4% for the developed analyzer.Furthermore,the analyzer has been successfully applied to the atmosphere monitoring station in Hangzhou to monitor the concentration changes of heavy metals in atmosphere.The results show that the analyzer possesses high reliability and strong field application capability and can meet the requirement of field analysis applications.