应对气候变化——二氧化碳捕集与封存

To Deal with Climate Change—Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage

全球气候变化问题日益严重,CO2捕集与封存(CCS)技术被看作是最有发展前景的解决该问题的技术之一。CCS技术主要包括3个环节:CO2捕集,运输和封存。首先介绍了CO2捕集技术,该技术按工艺主要分为燃烧前捕集、富氧燃烧捕集、燃烧后捕集和化学链燃烧捕集。随后介绍了CO2封存技术,该技术按封存地点可分为地质封存和海洋封存。在众多的CO2封存技术中,CO2强化采油技术由于其较高的经济效益近年来得到广泛应用。从国外、国内两个层面详细介绍了该技术的发展情况。

Carbon dioxide capture and storage（CCS） technology is seen as one of the most promising solutions to global climate change.The CCS technology mainly includes three aspects： CO2 capture,transport and storage.Firstly,this paper introduces the CO2 capture technology,which can be categorized into pre-combustion capture,enriched oxygen combustion capture,post-combustion capture and chemical looping combustion capture;then the paper introduces the CO2 storage technology,which can be categorized into geology storage and ocean storage according to storage site.Among many CO2 storage technologies,CO2 enhanced oil recovery（CO2-EOR） technology has been widely used in recent years with its high economic benefits;finally the paper describes the domestic and international development of the CO2-EOR technology in detail.