锂提取方法研究进展与展望

Research and prospect on lithium extraction

随着锂资源应用领域的拓宽,含锂矿石、含锂盐湖卤水和海水中蕴藏的锂资源已成为当前研究的重要对象。本文首先简单介绍了锂资源研究现状,然后重点总结和比较了从不同来源中提取锂的方法,其中包括:采用硫酸法从花岗伟晶岩矿石中提取锂,运用碳酸盐沉淀法、溶剂萃取法和吸附法提取盐湖卤水和海水中的锂资源。另外,笔者还对煤中伴生锂提取的前景进行了探讨,最后对上述提取方法的优缺点进行了总结。

With the increasing application of lithium,lithium resources from minerals,salt lake and sea brine have become important research focuses.In the present paper,the research status of lithium resources is introduced.The extracting methods of lithium from different resources are also summarized and compared: extracting lithium from granite pegmatite by sulfuric acid method,and extracting lithium from salt lake and sea brine by carbonate precipitation,solvent extraction or adsorption.In addition,the authors discuss the prospect on lithium's extraction from coals.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of these extracting methods are analyzed.