中国天然气行业政策研究进展及框架构建

Research progress in and framework construction of natural gas policies in China

国外天然气工业发展成熟国家的历史及经验表明,合理的行业政策是推动天然气工业发展的重要因素。作为新中国最早的天然气工业基地,川渝气田历来十分重视对天然气行业政策的研究,很多天然气行业政策都先在川渝气田进行研究、推动试行并逐步推广到全国。为此,在总结中国石油西南油气田公司近几年在天然气价格改革、非常规天然气开发利用政策、天然气行业监管与立法、天然气利用政策以及天然气发电政策等天然气行业政策方面主要研究进展的基础上,从天然气产业链产运储销各环节协调发展的角度,构建了包括天然气价格及配套政策、天然气行业财税政策、天然气行业监管政策、天然气行业利用政策等4个方面的中国天然气行业政策框架体系,列出了框架体系的结构内容及特征,最后还提出了需要重点关注和推动国家出台的相关政策及下一步研究方向和重点。

From the history and experiences of those countries with developed natural gas industry demonstrate that reasonable policies are always the most important factor for the development of natural gas industry.As the earliest natural gas production base since the founding of People's Republic of China,Sichuan and Chongqing gas fields have been operated with focus on policy studies and have been usually regarded as pilot fields for new policies before being popular all over China.In view of this,this paper first summarizes the major research progress in the natural gas policy studies made by the PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company,including natural gas pricing reform,the recovery and utilization policies of unconventional natural gas,the supervision and legislation of natural gas sector,natural gas utilization policies,gas generation policies,etc.On this basis,from the perspective of harmonious development of the whole industrial chain,a policy framework of natural gas sector is built in term of the following 4 policies: pricing and supporting policies,finance and taxation policies,regulatory policies,and utilization policies.Furthermore,the content and characteristics of this policy framework are presented.Finally,it puts forward the further research direction and focus as well as some related policies to be more concerned and supported by the government.