军事训练官兵应激性生活事件及其心理健康水平的调查研究

Investigation of stressful life events and psychological health levels of military training officers

目的探讨军事训练应激条件下官兵的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为了加强开展官兵心理健康教育工作和提高军事训练成绩提供科学的依据。方法选取某部队在参加军事训练的982名官兵为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方式对应激官兵与官兵常模、不同军龄应激官兵、不同兵种应激官兵受军事训练的影响程度进行自评量表SCL-90测试。结果应激官兵和官兵常模的SCL-90各因子(抑郁除外)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);≥3年军龄应激官兵的人际关系因子、抑郁因子、偏执因子与1年军龄官兵比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);≥3年军龄应激官兵的人际关系因子、抑郁因子、偏执因子、精神病性因子、总均分与2年军龄官兵相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。步兵应激官兵SCL-90评分与炮兵和侦查兵的分数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),侦察兵应激官兵的强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、人际关系、总均分、阳性项目数与炮兵相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论了解军事训练应激下官兵的心理特点,能更有针对性地开展官兵心理健康教育工作。

Objective To investigate the psychological health of officers and soldiers under military training stress and its influencing factors,in order to provide scientific basis for strengthening of psychological health education for officers and soldiers and improvement of military training results.Methods A total of 982 officers and soldiers participating in military training in one army were selected.The self-rating scale（SCL-90） was used to measure the affection degree of military training on stressful and normal soldiers,soldiers with different military age and stressful soldiers of different branches.Results Stressful officers and soldiers and normal ones were significantly different in all the components of SCL-90（besides depression）（P 0.05）.Officers and soldiers with more than 3 years and 1 year of military age were significant differences in the interpersonal relationship component,depression component and stubbornness component（P 0.05）;officers and soldiers with more than 3 years of military age were significant differences from those with 2 years of military age in the interpersonal relationship component,depression component,stubbornness component,psychotism and total average score（P 0.05）.SCL-90 scores of stressful infantry were significantly differences from those of stressful artillery and scouts（P 0.05）;stressful scouts were significantly different from artillery in the obsession,depression,anxiety,terror,stubbornness,interpersonal relationship,total average score and number of positive items（P 0.05）.Conclusion Understanding of the psychological characteristics of officers and soldiers under military training stress can help to carry out more specific psychological health education work.