葡萄干品质指标探讨及因子分析

Qualitative Indexes and Factor Analysis of Raisin

为了探讨葡萄干品质指标的变异情况和相关性,提出一种适合葡萄干品质评价的方法,对50个葡萄干品种的总糖、还原糖、可滴定酸、纤维素、多酚等9项品质指标变异情况及相关性进行分析,并运用因子分析对葡萄干进行评价。结果表明,多酚、单宁、百粒质量的变异系数最大,均达到40%;还原糖和总糖的变异系数最小,均为10%以下;还原糖与总糖、单宁与多酚、纤维素与可滴定酸均呈极显著正相关。经因子分析提取出的前6个公因子,累计方差贡献率为95.814%;第1公因子为糖分因子,第2公因子为风味因子,第3、4、5公因子统称为功能因子,第6公因子称为果重因子,可作为6个相互独立的新的综合性指标进行评价。另外,从中筛选出红宝石无核、波尔莱特、和田红、粉红无核、京早晶、琼尼、金星无核、无核白鸡心、紫香无核9份品质较好的葡萄干。

In order to explore the variation and correlation of raisin qualitative indexes and set up an applicable method for raisin quality evaluation,nine qualitative indexes such as total sugar,reducing sugar,titrable acidity,cellulose,polyphenol of fifty raisin varieties were measured.Then the variation and correlation were analyzed and the raisin qualities were evaluated by factor analysis.The results showed that the variations of polyphenol,tannins and 100-granule mass were the biggest,more than 40%,and the variation of reducing sugar,total sugar were the smallest,less than 10%;significantly positive correlations were detected between reducing sugar and total sugar,polyphenol and tannins,cellulose and titrable acidity;the cumulative contribution of 6 factors extracted from the converted data were approximated to 95.814%.The first factor was sugar factor.The second factor was flavor factor.The third,fourth and fifth factors were defined as function factors.The sixth factor was fruit mass factor.These 6 new indexes can be used as qualitative evaluation indexes;in addition,9 superior raisins were sieved out,which were Hongbaoshiwuhe,Boerlaite,Hetianhong,Fenhongwuhe,Jingzaojing,Qiongni,Jinxingwuhe,Wuhebaijixin,Zixiangwuhe.The results can be a basis for the synthetic evaluation of raisin quality.