中国人肾发育不良流行病学分析

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF RENAL AGENESIS IN CHINA.

目的 :了解我国肾发育不良的流行病学特点及基本状况。方法 :1987～ 1992年中国出生缺陷监测网以医院为基础在全国对孕 2 8周至产后 7天的围产儿进行监测 ,对 131例肾发育不良患儿进行流行病学分析。结果 :我国肾发育不良的发生率为 0 .2 9/万 ,发生率近 6年下降 78%。城乡发生率、男女发生率差异均无显著性。 6 0 .31%的肾发育不良患儿为低体重儿。肾发育不良常伴发一至三种其他畸形 ,与直肠肛门畸形、神经管畸形和外阴性别不明伴发频率较高。结论 :肾发育不良常伴发多种畸形 ,其围产儿的素质较差 ;我国肾发育不良发生率呈下降趋势。

Objective:To evaluate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of renal agenesis in China.Methods:From 1987 to 1992,the data of renal agenesis cases were collected from hospital based units involved in monitoring program.The monitored subjects were the hospitalized births from 28 weeks gestation to the 7th days after delivery.Results:The incidence of renal agenesis is 0 29×10 -4 ,which decreased 78% during a period from 1987 to 1992.The difference between urban and rural areas is not significant,and it not also between males and females.Renal agenesis with low birth weight was counted for 60 61%.Renal agenesis often associates one to three kinds of malformation,in which anorectal malformation,neural tube defects and ambiguous genitalia are common.Conclusions:Renal agenesis is a congenital associated anomaly.The quality of fetuses with renal agenesis is inferior.The incidence of renal agenesis appears a declining trend in China.