谷物膳食纤维——戊聚糖与肠道菌群调节研究进展

Research Progress in Pentosans as A Kind of Cereal Dietary Fiber and Their Gut Microflora Modulatory Effect

流行病学研究表明,谷物膳食纤维对慢性代谢性疾病,如肥胖、Ⅱ型糖尿病、心脑血管疾病以及结肠癌等具有预防作用。戊聚糖又称为阿拉伯木聚糖,是谷物膳食纤维的主要组成部分。戊聚糖在结肠部位被特定的具有戊聚糖水解酶的细菌所降解,能够增殖肠道中的双歧杆菌和乳杆菌等有益菌。不同程度的聚合度、取代度、交联度以及侧链的分布均会影响戊聚糖的益生特性。戊聚糖所具有的生理功效不仅取决于多糖分子,还源于与其相连的阿魏酸在肠道中缓慢而持续的释放和吸收,并发挥其抗氧化功能。

Epidemiological studies indicate that cereal dietary fiber（DF） has physiological effects by reducing the risk of many chronic metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,obesity,type Ⅱ diabetes and some gastrointestinal cancers.Pentosans,also known as arabinoxylans（AX）,are the major part of dietary fiber in many cereals.They can be degraded in the colon by specific intestinal bacteria possessing AX-degrading enzymes,and promote the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the gut.The prebiotic properties of pentosans are mainly affected by various degrees of polymerization,substitution,and cross-linking as well as side chain distribution.The beneficial effects of pentosans are attributed to bound ferulic acid besides their own molecular structures,which has a slow and continuous release and absorption through the colon to provide important antioxidant protection.