流域水资源标准体系风险分析与对策

Risk Analysis and Countermeasure for Standard System of River Basin Water Resources

为实施流域水资源有效保护,从技术管理层面分析流域水资源共享过程中标准体系的构成与作用。对现阶段实施的生活饮用水卫生标准、地表水环境质量标准和排水标准中涵盖的有机污染物进行对称性分析,指出标准体系中存在的技术风险以及生活污水和工业废水混排存在的管理风险。以松花江流域中某化工厂排水为实例进行有机污染物成份检测,发现了标准体系对污染物监控存在的疏漏。提出从人体健康角度完善排水和水环境质量标准,从流域水资源共享角度对排水和给水设施进行整体规划和布局,从水资源安全保障角度建立流域有机污染物优先控制名单。

In order to protect river basin water resources effectively, the constitution and function of standard system was ana- lyzed by technical management in the process of sharing River Basin Water Resources. The symmetry analysis of organic pollutants was made in standards for drinking water quality, Environmental quality standards for surface water and Sewerage standards. A- nalysis shows that technological risks exist in standard system and management risks exist in the mix discharges of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. The draining water of some chemical plant in Songhua River basin was carried out the organic pollutant ingredient examination, the data prove that the omission exist in pollutant monitoring of standard system. Countermeasures are put forward that consummates draining water and water environment quality standards are perfected from the human body healthy, and the facilities of water supply and drainage are carried on the corporate planning and layout from the sharing basin water resources angle, and the name list of prior controlled organic pollutants is established from ensuring the security of basin water resources.