上海市闸北区学龄前儿童注意缺陷多动障碍患病率及影响因素研究

Study on Prevalence and Influential Factors of ADHD among Children in Preschool

目的调查上海市闸北区学龄前儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention Deficit HyperactivityDisorder,ADHD)患病率及影响因素。方法采用一般情况调查表和注意缺陷多动症状调查表对上海市闸北区9所幼儿园儿童进行整群-分层抽样调查。并运用SPSS16.0进行因素分析和Logistic回归分析。结果学龄前儿童ADHD患病率为3.9%,父母和老师筛选出的可疑ADHD儿童有38.75%被诊断为ADHD者,男女比例为2:1;多元回归分析显示女性(OR=0.357)是罹患ADHD的保护因素,母孕期营养状况差(OR=3.323)是罹患ADHD的危险因素。结论学龄前儿童罹患ADHD的比例较高,不容忽视;性别是罹患ADHD的保护因素,母孕期营养状况和儿童期的营养状况是值得重视的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of prevalence and influential factors of ADHD（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder） among preschool-aged children in Zhabei district of Shanghai.Methods We used General Information Questionnaire and ADHDRS to carry on the whole study in 9 kindergartens in Zhabei district,the sampling is luster-stratified.We analyzed the data by factors analysis and logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 16.0.Results Gender（female） is a protective factor of ADHD（OR=0.357）,poor nutrition conditions of mothers when they were pregnant（OR=3.323） is a risk factor of ADHD.Conclusion Gender（female） is a protective factor of ADHD.Girls have less possibilities of having ADHD than boys（OR=0.357）.Nutrition conditions of pregnant mothers are risk factors of ADHD.That means if a mother had poorer nutrition conditions when they were pregnant,their children would gain more possibilities of being ADHD.