高血糖对不良妊娠结局的影响

The impact of hyperglycemia on adverse pregnancy outcomes

糖尿病合并妊娠、妊娠期糖尿病以及轻微妊娠高血糖均可引起不良妊娠结局的风险增加。并且，不良妊娠结局的发生及转归受血糖代谢异常的类型、严重程度、持续时间以及血糖水平等因素的影响。高血糖增加不良妊娠结局风险的机制仍不明确，有效的并发症预测因素仍需证实。此外，母婴并发症的血糖阈值存在很大争议。基于既往多为回顾性研究，因此需要大规模前瞻性研究去进一步探讨高血糖与不良妊娠结局的关系。

Diabetes mellitus with pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as mild pregnant hyperglycemia could increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. And the incidence and prognosis of ad- verse pregnancy outcomes relate to the type, severity, duration of abnormal glucose metabolism, and the level of blood glucose, etc. The mechanism of hyperglycemia on the higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes re- mains unclear. Reliable predictors of complications need to be investigated. In addition, it is rather controver- sial to determine the blood glucose threshold for maternal and fetal complications. Due to the known results mostly deriving from retrospective studies, large-scale prospective studies are required to further explore the relationship of hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes.