乌鲁木齐市577例汉族、维吾尔族支气管哮喘患者变应原检测及相关性分析

Urumqi city in 577 Han, Uygur patients with bronchial asthma allergen detection and correlation analysis

目的探讨支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患者过敏原的分布状况，汉族、维吾尔族过敏原比较，为新疆哮喘患者预防及治疗提供客观依据。方法采用体外特异性变应原检测方法（IVT）对577例哮喘患者进行吸入变应原（IVT701）及食物变应原（IVT702）检测。其中汉族289例、维吾尔族288例。结果吸人过敏原IgE阳性率为98．1％，吸入变应原总阳性率75．3％，其中汉族：蒿属植物为32．8％，榆柳树为31．6％，豚草为26．2％，霉菌为13．2％，螨为9．2％。维吾尔族：蒿属植物为32．1％，榆柳树为31．7％，豚草为26．0％，霉菌为27．4％，螨为13．7％。食物过敏原：总阳性率为56．0％。其中汉族：果蔬过敏原主要为（大蒜、洋葱、胡椒粉）14．5％、（菠菜、芹菜、西红柿）13．1％、（橘子、草莓、香蕉）13．5％。维吾尔族：果蔬过敏原主要为（大蒜、洋葱、胡椒粉）14．2％、（菠菜、芹菜、西红柿）12．8％、（橘子、草莓、香蕉）13．1％。食物过敏原汉族：（花生、大豆）13．8％、（猪、牛、羊肉）12．8％、（蛋白、蚕豆）14．2％。维吾尔族：（花生、大豆）13．5％、（猪、牛、羊肉）12．5％、（蛋白、蚕豆）14．2％。吸入变应原霉菌、螨阳性率维吾尔族高于汉族差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其余吸入组变应原及食物组过敏原阳性率汉族与维吾尔族基本相同，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论蒿属及榆柳树为乌鲁木齐周边哮喘患者主要的变应原，汉族与维吾尔族差异无统计学意义，霉菌和螨维吾尔族高于汉族。检测变应原对特异性免疫治疗具有重要指导意义。

Objective To investigate patients with bronchial asthma （asthma）, the distribution of allergens, the Han, Uygur allergens compared to Xinjiang, prevention and treatment of asthma provide an objective basis. Methods The in vitro allergen-specific tests （IVT） of 577 cases of asthma patients with inhaled allergens （IVT701） and food allergens （IVT702） detection. 289 cases in which the Han, Uygur 288 cases. Results The inhalation of allergen IgE positive 98.1%, inhaled allergens positive rate of 75.3%, of which Han：Artemisia plants was 32.8%,31.6% elm willow, ragweed 26.2% ,13.2% of mold, mites of 9.2%. Uygur：Artemisia plants was 32.1% ,31.7% elm willow, ragweed 26.0% ,27.4% of mold, mites 13.7%. Food allergens （IVT702） ：The total positive rate was 56.0%. The Han：allergens are mainly fruit and vegetable （garlic, onion, pepper） 14.5%, （spinach, celery, tomatoes） 13.1%, （orange, strawberry, banana） 13.5%. Uygur： mainly fruit and vegetable allergens （garlic, onion, pepper） 14.2%, （spinach, celery, tomatoes） 12.8%, （orange, strawberry, banana） 13.1%. Han Chinese foodallergens：（peanuts, soybeans） 13.8%, （pork, beef, mutton） 12.8%, （protein, beans） 14.2%. Uygur：（peanuts, soybeans） 13.5%, （pork, beef, mutton） 12.5%, （protein, beans） 14.2%. Inhaled allergens mold, mite-positive rate was significantly higher than the Han Uyghur （ P d0.05）, the other group inhaled allergens and food allergen group the positive rate of the Han and Uygur basically the same, was not statistically significant （ P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Artemisia and elm willow around the asthma for the Urumqi major allergens, no significant difference between the Han and Uygur, Han Chinese than Uyghur mold and mites. Detection of allergen-specific immunotherapy of important guiding significance.