外源乙烯对香石竹切花开放的影响

Effects of Exogenous Ethylene on Carnation(Dianthus caryophyllus L.) During the Blossoming

[目的]为了探寻简便安全的方法使香石竹(Dianthus caryophyllus L.)切花在短时间内盛开,以减短存货期并随时满足用花需求。[方法]采用乙烯利溶液喷撒花枝、将乙烯利加入瓶插液以及将乙烯利放在花枝旁边3组处理方法。[结果]适宜的乙烯浓度(环境中乙烯浓度为8.65×10-6 mol/L左右)可促使香石竹切花提前4～5 d盛开,观赏期达7 d,处理的花枝花色正常,最大花径和花枝重有所提高。但是高浓度乙烯、乙烯利溶液喷撒花枝和将乙烯利加入瓶插液均对香石竹产生明显伤害,造成花瓣变色、坏死,花朵不能完全开展。[结论]超过浓度阀值的外源乙烯能使香石竹切花迅速开放,在花枝旁边放置适量乙烯利溶液可有效地促进花朵盛开。

[ Objective] The purpose was to find out the safe method that made the fresh cut carnation bloom, to shorten the stock turnover and filled the requirements at any time. [ Method ] 3 methods were chose, including spraying ethephon on the carnation, injecting the ethephon into vase solution and laying up the ethephon near by the flower. [ Result] The suitable ethylene concentration （8.65 × 10 ^-6 mol/L in the environment） promoted the fresh cut carnation bloom 4 - 5 days ahead of time, florescence extended by 7 days, it retained the flower color and increased the max diameter and the weight. But the high ethylene concentration or wrong treatment damaged the carnation, it caused petal color changing and necrosis, even withered the flower. [ Conclusion] The ethylene that exceeds the threshold can promote the fresh cut carnation bloom quickly, and the effective treatment is laying up the ethephon near by the flower.