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不同根域空间施有机肥对苹果^(15)N吸收利用和产量品质的影响 被引量:4

Effects of Different Root Space Applying Organic Manure on ^(15)N Absorption and Utilization,Fruit yield and Quality of Apple Trees
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摘要 [目的]为苹果生产中有限有机肥的合理施用提供科学依据。[方法]以2、10年生红富士苹果和平邑甜茶为试材,研究在1/4、2/4和4/4 3个根域空间施等量有机肥条件下幼树生长、15N-尿素吸收、利用与分配,果实产量和品质的变化。[结果]在施等量有机肥的条件下,随着有机肥施用空间的减小,幼树生物量明显升高,1/4和2/4处理增幅分别是4/4处理的72.7%和26.7%;1/4和2/4处理各器官的Ndff值均高于4/4处理,且以1/4处理最显著;随有机肥施用空间的减小,根、茎和叶片3个器官15N分配率之间的差异逐渐减小,植株15N利用率在0.05水平显著提高,4/4、2/4和1/4处理15N利用率分别为0.89%、1.51%和2.99%;15N利用率与根系生物量呈0.05水平显著正相关(R=0.95)。减小有机肥施肥空间能明显提高结果树产量、果实糖度、硬度和单果重。[结论]在有机肥源不足的情况下,局部优化施肥能提高幼树15N利用率,促进各器官均衡生长,提高结果树果实产量、果实糖度、硬度和单果重。 [ Objective ] The aim of the study was to provide a theoretical basis for the appropriate fertilizer of limited organic manure for apple under field conditions. [ Method] 3 treatments of 1/4 ,2/4 and 4/4 root zone were set applying organic manure to investigate the changes of plant growth, 15N absorption, allocation, and utilization of 2-year-old,fruit production and quality of 10-year-old apple trees( Malus domestica Borkh. 'Red Fuji'/Malus hupehensis ). [ Result] Tthe biomass of young tree significantly increased as the space of organic fertilizer application reduced. Compared with 4/4, 1/4 and 2/4 treatments could increase 72.7% and 26.7% respectively. Ndff value of various organs of 1/4 and 2/4 treatments was higher than that of 4/4 treatment, and 1/4 treatment was most significantly. The differences of 15N distribution ratio to roots, stems and leaves reduced and 15 N utilization increased significantly as the space of organic fertilizer application reduced, t5 N utilization of 4/4, 2/4 and 1/4 treatments were 0.89% , 1.51% and 2.99% respectively. 15N utilization and root biomass had positive correlation significantly (R = 0.95 ). Yield per plant, fruit suger degree, fimness, and fruit weight improved as the space of organic fertilizer application reduced. [ Conclusion] Optimization fertilization could improve 15N utilization, promote the balanced growth of various organs and improve yield per plant, fruit suger degree,fimness, and fruit weight under the poor organic manure.
出处 《安徽农业科学》 CAS 2012年第15期8508-8511,共4页 Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201103003) 山东省农业重大应用创新课题(201009)
关键词 苹果 施肥空间 15N 吸收 利用 分配 Apple Manured space 15N Absorption Allocation Utilization
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