^(137)Cs和^(210)Pb_(ex)示踪江西红壤区耕作土壤侵蚀速率的研究

Estimating Soil Erosion Rates of Cultivated Fields Using ^(137)Cs and ^(210)Pb_(ex) in Jiangxi Red Soils Region

[目的]准确估算江西红壤区土壤侵蚀模数,为该区土壤侵蚀状况评估和水土流失防治提供数据支持。[方法]选择江西省鹰潭市余江县中国科学院红壤试验基地的一个小流域作为研究区,运用137Cs与210Pbex示踪技术计算耕作土壤侵速率。[结果]江西红壤区137Cs与210Pbex的背景值分别为1 746.64和44 383.83 Bq/m2,耕地平均侵蚀速率为4 857.66 t/(km2.年)。[结论]不同耕地土壤137Cs与210Pbex含量存在差异,但整体趋势一致,即水稻田>萝卜地>花生地>红薯地>芝麻地;在耕作土中农作物不同,侵蚀速率也不同,大小顺序是芝麻地>红薯地>花生地>萝卜地>水稻田;红薯地和芝麻地为极强烈侵蚀,萝卜地、花生地、水稻田为强烈侵蚀。

[ Objective ] Soil erosion rates in Jiangxi red soil region were estimated accurately, providing the data support for assessment of region soil erosion situation and prevention and control of soil and water loss. [ Method] A small watershed was chosen to estimate soil erosion rates using 137Cs and 210Pbox tracer teehnology in red soil test base of Chinese academy of science in Jiangxi province. [ Result] The background values of 137Cs and 210Pbex were 1 746.64 and 44 383.83 Bq/m2, respectively. The average erosion rate of cultivated land was 4 857.66 t/（km2 · a）. [ Conclusion] Although 137Cs and 210pbex contents were different, the overall trend was consistent, namely rice paddies 〉 turnip land 〉 peanuts land 〉 sweet potato 〉 sesame land, which was contrary to erosion rates. Sweet potato and sesame land belonged to extremely intense erosion, while turnip and peanuts land and rice paddies belonged to strong erosion.