离心泵叶轮汽蚀与泥沙磨损破坏浅析

Elementary analysis of centrifugal pump impeller destruction due to cavitation and sand abrasion

对引黄工程某泵站抽送含沙水时对叶轮产生的汽蚀与泥沙磨损破坏的原因进行了分析 ,结果表明 :汽蚀伴有泥沙 ,会使破坏程度成倍增加 .在无法减少泥沙的情况下 ,可改进叶轮形状 ,以避免诱发汽蚀 ,也可采用耐汽蚀材料等方法提高叶轮使用寿命 .一实验叶轮在修改了叶片形状后增加寿命 1倍 ;另一用钢板制成的叶轮其寿命提高了 4倍以上 .

The origin of cavitation and sand abrasion destruction of pump impeller, which is used to deliver silt laden water on a pump station of Yellow River diverting project, is analysed elementally in this paper and it is recognized, hence, that the cavitation accompanied with sand abrasion may make the destruction doubly aggravated. When the sand content in water is impossible to be decreased, the shape of the impeller could be altered or modified to prevent the cavitation from happening; and anti cavitation materials may as well be adopted to improve service life of the impeller. After modifying the blade shape of a tested impeller, its service life is doubled and another tested impeller made of steel plate exhibits even more remarkable effect, improving the service life to be fourfold, which provides a reliable basis for further improvement of impeller service life. [WT4”HZ]