47例急诊老年患者昏迷原因分析与预防

Cause analysis of 47 cases elderly patients with coma in emergency and its prevention

目的探讨急诊老年患者昏迷的原因及预防措施。方法回顾性分析47例急诊老年昏迷患者的临床资料,分析其原因、治疗效果及预防措施。结果 47例患者中,高血压病致脑出血16例(34.0%),脑梗死7例(14.9%),糖尿病酮症酸中毒6例(12.8%),蛛网膜下腔出血4例(8.5%),外伤致脑出血3例(6.4%),颅内感染3例(6.4%),脑栓塞2例(4.3%),其他6例(12.8%)。经治疗痊愈26例(55.3%),好转12例(25.5%),显效5例(10.6%),死亡4例(8.5%)。结论高血压病致脑出血为老年昏迷患者的主要原因,合理的治疗和预防措施可减少老年患者昏迷的发生。

Objective To discuss the cause and preventive measure of emergency elderly patient with coma.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 47 cases of elderly patients with coma in emergency,analyzed its causes,treatment effect and preventive measure.Results In 47 cases patients,16 cases caused by hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage（34.0%）,7 cases caused by cerebral infarction（14.9%）,6 cases caused by diabetic ketoacidosis（12.8%）,4 cases caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage（8.5%）,3 cases caused by trauma（6.4%）,3 cases caused by intracranial infection（6.4%）,2 cases caused by cerebral embolism（4.3%） and 6 cases caused by other reasons（12.8%）.After treatment,cured 26 cases（55.3%）,improvement 12 cases（25.5%）,effective 5 cases（10.6%）,died 4 cases（8.5%）.Conclusion The hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is main reason of elderly patient coma and reasonable treatment and preventive measure may reduce its incidence.