儿童支原体肺炎的临床特征分析

Analysis on clinical characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia in children

目的了解儿童支原体肺炎的临床特征。方法回顾分析2008年1月—2010年4月平舆县人民医院儿科病房确诊为支原体肺炎211例住院患儿的临床资料,分析总结支原体肺炎患儿年龄、临床症状体征、胸部X线以及实验室检查等特征。结果支原体肺炎男性患儿104例,女性患儿107例;5岁以下儿童占71.1%;咳嗽率98.6%,发热率75.4%,喘息率51.2%,婴幼儿喘息率明显高于年长儿(62.4%vs 39.2%,P<0.01),呕吐腹泻率明显高于年长儿(35.8%vs 14.7%,P<0.01),皮疹发生率明显高于年长儿(14.7%vs 5.9%,P<0.05)。结论小儿支原体肺炎发病年龄呈低龄化趋势,以咳嗽、发热、喘息为主要表现,婴幼儿较年长儿更易出现喘息,呕吐、腹泻及皮疹。

[Objective] To study the clinical characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia in children.[Methods] The clinical data of 211 children who were diagnosed as the mycoplasma pneumonia in Pediatrics Department of Pingyu People＇s Hospital from January 2008 to April 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.The age,clinical symptoms and signs,results of chest X-ray and laboratory test of children with mycoplasma pneumonia were analyzed and summarized.[Results] There were 104 male cases and 107 female cases of mycoplasma pneumonia,and 71.1% were children under 5 years old.The incidence rate of cough,fever and wheezing was 98.6%,75.4% and 51.2%,respectively.The incidence rate of wheezing in infants（62.4%） was higher than that in elderly children（39.2%） significantly（P0.01）.The incidence rate of vomiting and diarrhea in infants（35.8%） was higher than that in elderly children（14.7%） significantly（P0.01）.The incidence rate of skin rash in infants（14.7%） was higher than that in elderly children（5.9%） significantly（P0.05）.[Conclusion] Children with mycoplasma pneumonia tend to be younger.The main clinical manifestations are cough,fever and wheezing.The younger infants are more likely to get wheezing,vomiting,diarrhea and rash.