糖耐量减低的OLETF大鼠胰腺结构和功能改变与糖及脂代谢的关系

Relationship between structural and functional changes of islets, and abnormal metabolism of glucose and lipids in OLETF rats with impaired glucose tolerance

目的 观察OLETF大鼠糖耐量减低 (IGT)的生化改变、病理基础和阿卡波糖治疗后临床及病理转归 ,探讨阿卡波糖防治IGT的有效性和可行性。方法 34周龄雄性OLETF大鼠 :IGT大鼠(IGT组 ) 10只 ,糖尿病大鼠 (DM组 ) 8只 ,正常对照LETO大鼠 (LETO组 ) 36只 ,常规饲养 ;IGT大鼠阿卡波糖治疗组 (IGT A组 ) 10只 ,用阿卡波糖 15 0mg /10 0g饲料喂养 ;为期 4周。测定各组大鼠体重、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯和胰岛素水平 ,观察胰腺、骨骼肌等病理改变。结果 IGT状态下OLETF大鼠肥胖、内脏脂肪增加 ,血胆固醇、甘油三酯较LETO组明显升高 (2 .5mmol/L± 0 .3mmol/L比 2 .1mmol/L± 0 .3mmol/L ,P <0 .0 1;0 .7mmol/L± 0 .2mmol/L比 0 .4mmol/L± 0 .2mmol/L ,P <0 .0 1) ;胰腺、骨骼肌脂肪浸润 ,但较DM组程度轻。IGT A组胆固醇、甘油三酯恢复正常 ,服糖后 2h血糖降至正常 ,糖耐量及胰腺功能改善。结论 对于IGT状态下OLETF大鼠 ,阿卡波糖可以减轻体重 ,防止胆固醇及甘油三酯升高 ,减轻胰腺脂肪沉积 ,有效地降低餐后血糖 ,改善胰腺分泌胰岛素的功能。

Objective To investigate the level of blood glucose, cholesterol(Cho), triglycerides(TG), insulin secretion and the efficacy of acarbose in preventing impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in Otsuka Long Events Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Methods 10 OLETF rats with IGT, 8 IGT OLETF rats with acarbose treatment, and 36 LETO rats with normal glucose level were observed for their blood glucose, Cho, TG, insulin secretion and histological changes in the pancreas and skeletal muscles. Results OLETF rats with IGT were mild obese, with fat infiltration in the islets and skeletal muscles. Their blood Cho and TG were higher than those of LETO rats (2.5 mmol/L± 0.3 mmol/L vs 2.1 mmol/L±0.3 mmol/L, P <0.01; 0.7 mmol/L±0.2 mmol/L vs 0.4±0.2 mmol/L, P < 0.01), but their TG was lower than that of diabetic rats (1.8±1.0). The Cho, TG and post challenge glucose levels were normal in the IGT rats with 4 week acarbose treatment, with their insulin secretion and glucose tolerance improved and fat infiltration decreased. Conclusion Acarbose can prevent obesity and fat infiltration in islets and muscles, improve glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin secretion in OLETF rats with IGT.