无偿献血者血型鉴定的方法学评价

目的:探讨纸板法、全自动数字血型仪检测、U型微孔板法、试管法在无偿献血者血型鉴定中的应用价值。方法:采用纸板法对街头献血者进行ABO血型正定型检测,采用Poseidon全自动数字血型仪进行ABO血型和Rh(D)血型的批量鉴定,采用U型微孔板法进行ABO血型反定型批量检测,采用试管法进行ABO血型反定型补充检测。对4种不同检测方法的应用价值进行评价。结果:纸板法对13867例街头献血者进行ABO血型正定型检测,正确率99.88%。数字血型仪对ABO血型一次性判读正确率99.94%。U型微孔板法对ABO血型人工判读正确率99.98%。对ABO血型正反定型不合的8例标本,采用试管法进行反定型检测,结果与U型微孔板法相同。经血型研究室确证,数字血型仪正确检出正反定型不合2例,U型微孔板法正确检出正反定型不合5例。数字血型仪检测出Rh(D)阴性59例,经血型研究室确证56例。结论:全自动数字血型仪检测法和U型微孔板法的联合应用,实现了血型检测的批量化、自动化,具有较高的应用价值。

Objective：To investigate the value of card method,automatic digital blood typtrig instrument, U type microplate method~ tube method for blood type test in voluntary blood donors. Methods： Card method was used to test ABO blood type with positive stereotypes of donors on the street. Poseidon automatic digital blood typing instrument was used to test ABO and Rh（ I））blood type in large numbers. U type mieroplate method was used to test ABO blood type with stereotypes anti - stereotypes in large numbers. Tube method was used to test ABO blood type with anti - stereotypes. Four different methods were evaluated. Results： 13867 blood donors on the street were detected. The accuracy of ABO blood type using card method was 99.88%. The accuracy of ABO blood type using digital typing instrument was 99. 94%. The accuracy using U type microplate method was 99. 98%. Tube method was used to test 8 specimens with ABO incompatible positive and negative stereotypes. The results were identical with U type microplate method. Blood research laboratory confirmed ：2 specimens with special blood type were found by digital typing instrument;5 specimens with special blood type were found by U type microplate method. 59 cases of Rh（D） negative were detected using digital typing instrument, of which 56 cases were confirmed by blood research laboratory. Conclusion：Compared The combination of automatie digital blood typing in- strument and U type microplate method can detect blood type in large numbers automatically. The methods are useful with high value.