米兰达规则适用标准的突破与进步——2011年美国联邦最高法院J.D.B.案评析与借鉴

The Breakthrough and Progress in the Application Standards of Miranda Rule—a Review of J.D.B.Case Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 2011 and Its Implications

J.D.B.诉北卡罗来纳州案是迄今为止美国联邦最高法院关于米兰达规则适用的最新案例。J.D.B.案第一次明确判决:未成年人嫌疑人的年龄应该成为拘留状态分析的要素。这一里程碑式判决使得米兰达规则适用中的未成年人宪法权利的保护程序更加完善,是对米兰达案决定的回归。J.D.B.案的中国意义在于启发我们思考《刑事诉讼法》的目标定位与权力配置,同时为中国未成年人宪法权利的刑事保护提供相关制度借鉴。

The case in which J.D.B. sued North Carolina is so far the latest case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States on the application of Miranda Rule. J.D.B. Case has definitely decided for the first time that the age of minor suspects is supposed to be involved in analyzing detention. The milestone decision improved the protection procedures of minors＂ constitutional rights to which Miranda Rule applies, regressing to the decision of Miranda Case. The implications of J.D.B. Case in China lie in urging us considering the orientation and power deployment of Criminal Law as well as providing institutional reference to criminal protection of Chinese minors＂ constitutional rights.