6061铝合金轮毂的力学性能与锻造工艺的计算机模拟

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SIMULATION TO THE FORGING PROCESS OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY WHEEL HUB

分别采用树枝晶和非树枝晶6061铝合金锻造生产汽车轮毂,并应用CMT5305电子万能实验机对轮毂不同位置取样进行力学性能测试,用三维有限元软件Deform-3D模拟6061铝合金轮毂的锻压过程,分析对比轮毂不同位置的应力应变状态以及与力学性能之间的关系。结果显示,经过电磁搅拌处理的非树枝晶材料生产的轮毂,其力学性能较普通材料整体上有较大改善;轮毂中累积应力应变越大的位置,其力学性能相对应力应变小的位置更佳。

6061 aluminum alloy with dendritic microstructure and non-dendritic microstructure obtained by electromagnetic stirring processing were used to forging wheel hub respectively. The mechanical properties of the different positions in wheel hub were tested with CMT5305 electronic universal testing machine. Three dimensional finite element simulation software Deform-3D was used to simulate the forging process of wheel hub, the stress-strain state in different locations of hub was also analyzed. The results showed that the mechanical properties of wheel hub manufactured with non-dendritic billets had been improved greatly than the one with dendritic microstructure. The mechanical properties at the positions in wheel hub with greater accumulation stress and strain were better than the one with relatively low accumulation stress and strain.