5种重金属对光棘球海胆胚胎的毒性作用

Toxic Effects of Five Heavy Metals on Embryo Development of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus nudus)

采用静态毒性试验方法,在水温(21±0.5)℃、盐度32条件下,研究Zn、Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd单独暴露对光棘球海胆的精卵结合和胚胎发育的毒性作用。观察了5种重金属对光棘球海胆精子超微结构的损伤。试验结果表明,3个暴露浓度下,5种重金属均可导致光棘球海胆受精率极显著下降,胚胎延滞率和胚胎畸形率极显著上升,并呈剂量—效应关系。5种重金属对海胆精子细胞超微结构的损伤,可能是导致海胆受精率降低、胚胎延滞率和畸形率升高的原因之一。

The toxic effects of heavy metals Zn, Hg, Cu, Pb and Cd on fertilization and embryo develop- ment of sea urchin （Strongylocentrotus nudus） were investigated at （214-0.5） ℃and salinity of 32. The damage of spermatozoon ultrastructure in the sea urchin, caused by heavy metals, was also observed and the probable mechanism of toxic effects was studied. The results showed that the fertilization rate of the sea urchin eggs was significantly suppressed by each of the five heavy metals in three different exposure concentrations. The rate of arresting and delaying in embryonic development and the deformity rate of the sea urchin embryos were increased significantly with the increased concentration of the five heavy metals, showing dose-effect relationship. The damage of spermatozoon ultrastrueture of the sea urchin was evi- dent by exposure to the five heavy metals. The reduction of fertilization rate of eggs and interruption of embryo development of the sea urchin might be related to the damage of spermatozoon ultrastructure.