副词“在”从哪里来

The Evolvement of the Preposition "Zai"

论题试图从"NP+在+处所词+VP"结构的语法分析、"在"的历史演变和"在"的方言用法三个方面论证副词"在"是从介词"在"衍生而来的。演变的轨迹似乎是:从唐代开始,人们用"在这(那)里+VP"表达在这(那)里某种动作正在进行,由于其在口语当中被大量经常地使用,出于表达简洁的需要,在长期使用当中"这(那)里"逐渐脱落,至近现代形成"在+VP"的表达正在进行的副词用法。

In modern Chinese, ＂Zai＂ is a preposition introducing places as well as an adverb expressing the progressive tense. But texts from the Pre-Qin to the Qing Dynasty showed that Chinese ancients never used ＂Zai＂ to express that something is in progress. Based on the analysis of the grammatical structure ＂NP ＋ ＇Zai＇ ＋ Place ＋ VP＂ and the historical evolution of ＂Zai＂ and its usage in Chinese dialects, this thesis aims at pro- ving that the adverb ＂Zai＂ is a derivative of the preposition ＂Zai＂. The evolvement track may be ： from the Tang Dynasty, people began to use ＂＇Zai Zhe （Na） Li＇ ＋ VP＇, press some ongoing action. Due to its large number of regular which means doing something here/there, to ex- oral use and people＇ s preference of using it more simply, the structure ＂＇Zai Zhe （Na） Ih＇ ＋ VP＂ developed to the structure ＂Zai ＋ VP＂ gradually by drop- ping ＂Zhe （Na） Li＂ （here/there） and finally the adverb ＂Zai＂ was formed to exoress the progressive tense.