心电图检查在基层医院急诊中的作用

Effect of electrocardiogram checking on the emergency treatment in the primary hospital

目的探讨急诊心电图检查在基层医院急诊中的作用。方法对急诊就诊的1289例患者的心电图,进行分组、对比和诊断,分析心电图主要改变与患者主要症状的关系,以及与临床诊断的关系。结果急性冠脉综合征,患者以胸痛、胸闷为主者,心电图示ST-T改变和异常Q波者多见;周期性麻痹,呕吐,腹泻,夏季过劳结合实验室检查,以低血钾多见;心电图示心律失常者,患者多表现为晕厥、心悸;呼吸困难者结合病史等多见于慢性阻塞性肺疾病等。急诊异常心电图检出1093例(84.79%),其中以ST-T改变为主,共247例(36.16%),心律失常占37.00%,其它占11.63%,正常者54例(15.21%)。结论急诊心电图检查在基层医院已成为临床诊断及监测的重要方法 ,在急救中发挥着重要的作用。

Objective To discuss the effect of electrocardiogram checking on the emergency treatment in the primary hospital. Methods One thousand two hundred eighty nine emergency cases of electrocardiogram according to different symptom were divided and contrasted. The relationship between mainly changing of electrocardiogram and main symptom of the suffers was analyzed. Results For the acute coronary syndrome, patients who were suffered from chest pain, it was common to find ST-T change and abnormal Q-wave. For those who were suffered from periodic paralysis, vomiting and diarrhea, it was common to find hypokalemia. The patients with arrhythmia were mostly with syncope and palpitation. The relevance ratio of abnormal electrocardiogram in emergency treatment was 84. 79%, in which ST-T change account for 36.16% ,arrhythmia account for 37.00% and the other account for 11.63%, while the normal electrocardiogram account for 15.21%. Conclusion Emergency electrocardiogram checking is an important way to diagnosis and monitor because of its noinvasive and simple.