光温条件对无花粉型光温敏核不育水稻籼S育性转换的影响

Effect of artifcial photoperiod and temperature on fertility conversion of a photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line of non-pollen type XianS in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

为了弄清光温条件对自然突变的无花粉型水稻光温敏核不育系籼S育性转换的影响,通过大田遮光和人工气候箱设置不同光长（11.5、12.5、13.5和14.5 h）、不同温度（21、23.5、24、24.5和28℃）对幼穗分化期内的籼S持续（7、8、9、10、15和20 d）处理。结果表明,越冬材料在13.5 h光长下处理15 d,24和24.5℃两种处理最终均能使籼S从可育转为不育,21℃低温处理能使籼S可育率高达96.5%;以21℃低温、13.5 h光长的条件持续处理不同时间,仅9、10 d的低温处理才能导致籼S出现持续可育;大田遮光处理仅在晚造时对育性转换产生影响,出现可育花粉的时间早晚及其花粉可育率存在显著差异时的育性高低总体趋势均为11.5 h处理〉12.5 h处理〉CK〉13.5 h处理;人工气候箱内不同光长持续处理20 d发现,28℃高温各处理始终为无花粉型败育;24℃低温处理,仅11.5 h光长处理能使籼S出现部分可育花粉;23.5℃低温处理,11.5和12.5 h两种光长处理能使籼S出现部分可育花粉。故籼S具有较强的温敏性和一定的光敏性,在23.5~24.0℃的低温下,存在一定的光温互作效应。

To make it clear how photoperiod and temperature effect the fertility conversion of XianS which was a photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line of non-pollen type in rice and a spontaneous mutant from traditional variety Xianhuanzhan.The different photoperiod treatments in field and different photoperiod（11.5,12.5,13.5,and 14.5 h） and temperatur（21,23.5,24,24.5,and 28 ℃） combination treatments in artifcial climate chamber were continully（7,8,9,10,15,and 20 d）made.Lastly,the fertility of XianS was observed.The experiment results in artifcial climate chambe showed： under photoperiod 13.5 h for 15 d,the fertility of overwintering XianS was finally transformed from fertility to sterility both at 24 and 24.5 ℃;the stainable pollen rate reached 96.5% at 21 ℃.Treated under temperature 21 ℃ and photoperiod 13.5 h for different time,XianS showed sustained fertility only for 9 and 10 d.The field results showed： the field photoperiod treatments effected the fertility conversion of XianS in autumn only;for different photoperiod which in turn were 11.5 h,12.5 h,CK,and 13.5 h,the shorter day-length was,the earlier the stainable pollen occoured;in similar,the higher the stainable pollen rate when stainable pollen rate reached significant difference,the shorter photoperiod was.In artificial climate chamber,treated by four different photoperiod,including 11.5,12.5,13.5,and 14.5 h for 20 d accompanying different temperature,XianS always was non-pollen at high temperature 28 ℃ under four photoperiod;at low temperature 24 ℃,XianS showed partly stainable pollen only under 11.5 h;at low temperature 23.5 ℃,XianS showed partly stainable pollen under 11.5 and 12.5 h.Therefore,XianS was relatively strong thermo-sensitive and photo-sensitive to some extent;at low temperature 23.5-24.0 ℃,photoperiod and temperature were cooperating to XianS to some certein.