非平衡涨落下分子马达输运性质的研究

The Study of Molecular Motor's Transport Property in the Non-equilibrium Fluctuation

分子马达是生物体内具有特异性的一类蛋白质．当催化ＡＴＰ水解时可以产生定向运动．随着光钳技术、微观成像技术等新的实验手段的应用，对分子马达的结构和动力学的研究已达到分子水平．把分子马达看作布朗粒子研究在非平衡涨落推动下周期场中的定向运动为分子马达提供了一种可能的解释．有关分子马达定向运动及能量转换效率还有很多问题尚待解决．

Molecular motor is a kind of proteins that can move along the filaments in the definite directions while ATP is hydrolyzed. Single-molecular observation and manipulation in the studies of the structure and dynamics of molecular motors have come of age with the advent of new technology for probing single molecular such as optical tweezers technique, micropotographics and optical sensor. A lot of novel challenging problems in this field needed to be discussed in the view of physics. The studies of Brownian motion in the periodic potential induced by non-equilibrium fluctuation are very active which may lead to a likely explanation of molecular motor. Many open problems about the directed motion and the high efficiency of molecular motors are still unsolved.