福建眼镜王蛇蛇毒柱层析分离及生化药理特性

Fractionation on snake venom of Ophiophagus hannah (from Fujian) and its biochemical and pharmacological characteristics

应用CM—Sephadex C—50离子交换柱层析分离福建眼镜王蛇毒,获得17个蛋白峰。该蛇毒具有磷脂酶A_2、蛋白水解酶、精氨酸酯酶、L-氨基酸氧化酶、胆碱酯酶、磷酸单酯酶和磷酸二酯酶等酶活力。组分Ⅰ,Ⅳ对ADP诱导的兔血小板聚集功能有抑制作用,组分Ⅰ还有降压作用,组分Ⅳ则有心脏毒性作用。Ⅵ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ和Ⅻ等7个组分具突触后神经毒活性,组分ⅩⅫ呈现局部出血效应,粗毒及各组分对家兔血浆的复钙时间和凝血酶时间无影响。

Seventeen fractions were separated from the venom of Ophiophagus hannah(from Fujian)on CM-Sephadex C-50 ion-exchange column chro-matography.Seven enzymes activities and some pharmacologic effects were estimated respectively in the crude venom and its fractions.The crude venom exhibited the enzymatic activities of phospholipase A2,protease,arginine esterase,L-amimo acid oxidase,acetylcholinesterase,phospho-monoesterase and phosphodiesterase.The LD50 of the crude venom in mice(iv)is 1.39 ±0.034mg/kg.Fractions Ⅰ and Ⅳshowed an inhibitory effect on rabbit's platelet aggregation induced by ADP and it wasdose-dependent.Fraction Ⅰ revealed the hypotensive effect on rats.Fraction Ⅳ elicited the cardiac arrhythmic effect on the isolated rat hearts.Fractions Ⅵ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ and Ⅻblocked neuromuscular transmission in the isolated rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations.Fraction ⅩⅦproduced obvious local hemorrhage in mice.The crude venom and its fractions showed no apparent effect on the recalcification time and the thrombin time of the rabbit's blood.