工业搬迁区常见乔木树种重金属累积特征分析

Accumulation Characteristic Analysis of Common Afforestation Plants in Industrial Moving Region

以沈阳市铁西工业区常见绿化乔木为研究对象,经野外采样和实验室分析,对8种植物的根、枝条和叶片内的4种重金属元素铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)的含量进行分析测试和统计学分析.结果表明,调查区域土壤中4种重金属的变异程度均较大,其中Cd的变异系数最大,为75%,其次为Pb,变异系数为54%,这与历史上该区域受工业活动影响程度较大有关.不同种景观植物根、枝条和叶片对重金属的蓄积能力差异显著(p<0.05),同种植物不同部位的重金属提取能力也有所差别.综合分析,对Cu、Cd、Pb和Zn 4种重金属蓄积能力均较好的植物为垂柳、旱柳、国槐和银中杨.

The total contents of four heavy metals including copper （Cu）, cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb）, and zinc （Zn） in the root, branch and leaf of eight species of common afforestation arbors in Shenyang Tiexi Industrial Region were investigated and determined by field sampling and laboratory analysis. Results showed that the variation degree of the four heavy metals in the studied soil was much significant. The variation coefficient of Cd was the biggest with value of 75%, followed by Pb with value of 54%. The significant variation of heavy metals had more to do with the historical industrial activities. The difference of accumulation capacities among different arbor species in the roots, stems, and leaves was significant （p^0.05）. The difference was also significant （p%0.05） among different parts for the same arbor species. In total, the better arbor species for their relatively higher accumulation capacity of the four studied heavy metals were Salix babylonica Linn., Salix matsudana Koidz. , Sophora japonica Linn. and Salix alba vat. Tristis.