松山区玉米春播期水热条件分析

Analysis on Water and Heat Condition of the Spring-sowing Time in Song-shan Area

应用1959—2009年松山区54218观测站的降水、温度资料,分析了玉米播种期水热气象条件分布特点。主要结论:⑴51a来松山区春播期≥10℃积温的初日分布特点是年际变率大,年代际变化不大。⑵随着气候变暖,≥10℃积温保证率提高。⑶春播期低温冷害的发生特点是越早播种后期发生冷害的可能性越大,因此不易过早播种。⑷按照既要最大限度地满足玉米生长所需热量又要减小发生低温冷害的可能性原则,确定了松山区玉米平均开播日期和适宜播种期。⑸春播期相对湿润度指数分析表明春播期干旱发生频率大。

Using the meteorological data of temperature and precipitation in Song shan 54218 station from 1959 to 2009, the characteristics of temperature and precipitation of the spring-sowing time are statistically analyzed. The results showed that the active accumulated temperature of ≥ 10℃ is great in interannual variability ,but it is not great in deeadal variability. Probability of Accumulated temperature of ≥ 10℃ is increased with the climate becoming warm. Because spring temperature possess chilling damages is more high-frequencied if early spring- sowing time,so corn is unsuited to by premature sowing.Fixed on suited to corn spring-sowing time both meeting corn upgrowth needful heat and reducing probability of chilling damages. Drought frequency was more in springsowing time.